I was wondering this myself because I loved Black_Spirit's More Harvestables mod but it's incompatible with WA. I was looking through the GameplayData.package and found the file in it that seems to control plant growth is "Plants," i.e.:
<PlantList>
<PlantName>Tomato Plant</PlantName>
<LocalizationKeyPlantName>TomatoPlant</LocalizationKeyPlantName>
<LocalizationKeySeedName>TomatoSeed</LocalizationKeySeedName>
<LocalizationKeyDescription>TomatoDescription</LocalizationKeyDescription>
<Rarity>Common</Rarity>
<SkillPointsPlant>175</SkillPointsPlant>
<SkillPointsHarvest>125</SkillPointsHarvest>
<PerfThresholdAvgToGood>95</PerfThresholdAvgToGood>
<PerfThresholdGoodToGreat>105</PerfThresholdGoodToGreat>
<PerfBonusDrySoil>-40</PerfBonusDrySoil>
<PerfBonusNeutralSoil>40</PerfBonusNeutralSoil>
<PerfBonusWetSoil>90</PerfBonusWetSoil>
<WaterDecay>3</WaterDecay>
<WeedProblem>0.2</WeedProblem>
<HarvestStateDurationMin>2</HarvestStateDurationMin>
<HarvestStateDurationMax>4</HarvestStateDurationMax>
<NumLifetimeHarvestables>20</NumLifetimeHarvestables>
<NumHarvestablesMin>2</NumHarvestablesMin>
<NumHarvestablesMax>4</NumHarvestablesMax>
<MedatorName>GardenPlantBush</MedatorName>
</PlantList>
HarvestStateDuration seems to dictate how long plant growth takes as these are the values that are changed in Black_Spirit's mod, but I haven't yet found the right values to actually make the plants grow faster and yield more produce. The old values used in the original MoreHarvestables mod don't seem to work.